Hello and Good Evening ,

Hope you all are doing good.This time its about keeping our DT members updated and have a general information on the basic computer terms. Id like to call this subject - "

Computer Glossary".
Id like everyone to spend 2-3 mins of their online DT time updating their terminologies.

Regards.

Without wasting time ,id like to start with the first set.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A
-
ActiveX controls
ActiveX controls are components that add dynamic and interactive features to Web pages. With ActiveX tools, multimedia effects, animation, and functional applications can be added to Web sites. HouseCall, Trend Micro's online virus scanner is an example of the application of ActiveX.
ActiveX controls are typically installed with user permission. However, security measures can be circumvented. In some instances, ActiveX components in Web pages are able to run automatically when the Web pages are opened. Visiting users are also sometimes tricked into accepting unwanted ActiveX controls. The unauthorized installation and execution of ActiveX controls can open opportunities for malicious code to install components or to make modifications on visiting systems.

Address Bar Spoofing
Alteration of a browser’s address bar to display a legitimate address. This is done by running a script that removes the browser’s address bar and replaces it with a fake one, which is made up of text or images.

Adware
Adware is software that displays advertising banners on Web browsers such as Internet Explorer and Mozilla. While not categorized as malware, many users consider adware invasive. Adware programs often create unwanted effects on a system, such as annoying popup ads and, in some instances, the degradation in either network connection or system performance.
Adware programs are typically installed as separate programs that are bundled with certain free software. Many users inadvertently agree to installing adware by accepting the End User License Agreement (EULA) on the free software.
Adware are also often installed in tandem with spyware programs. Both programs feed off of each other's functionalities - spyware programs profile users' Internet behavior, while adware programs display targeted ads that correspond to the gathered user profiles.

Affected file type
Malware and grayware may arrive as files of a certain type. The term “affect” here could mean the file format (eg. PE or Win32) that the malware or grayware comes as, or the formats that it attaches to in the case of file infectors.

Affected software
Affected software, Platform and Systems Affected indicate the area(s) affected by a particular threat, whether it is malware, grayware, or vulnerabilities. This list contains the operating systems or applications that need to be installed in the user’s system before the threat performs its malicious rountines. It is known that a threat may behave differently across different platforms.

Aliases
Different vendors often have their own approaches towards detection, whether it involves malware, grayware, or vulnerabilities, which can result in different naming conventions. The aliases field in the Virus Encyclopedia, Spyware/Grayware and Vulnerabilities pages indicate other names used to refer to the same threat.

Applications
Applications refer to programs or files often sold commercially.
However, they are also sometimes installed by malware or other grayware and are so powerful in features that they can be misused by users with malicious intent.
Because some of the applications can pose as security risks to the systems or networks, it is important for users to be fully aware of their presence.
Many legitimate applications are also unknowingly pushed onto computer systems by scrupulous marketers, distributors, and affiliates without the user's consent or knowledge.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------